Which of the following includes physical security measures like firewalls and IDS?

The correct answer is that technical controls encompass physical security measures like firewalls and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Technical controls are security measures that use technology to protect data and resources. They are designed to monitor, detect, and mitigate threats and vulnerabilities through the use of hardware and software.

Firewalls act as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, filtering traffic based on predetermined security rules. Intrusion Detection Systems monitor network traffic for suspicious activities and can alert administrators to potential breaches. Both are critical in providing a secure environment by preventing unauthorized access and detecting anomalies.

The other categories of controls—logical, administrative, and physical—serve different purposes in the security landscape. Logical controls focus on user access and authentication methods, administrative controls involve policies and procedures to manage security, and physical controls relate to tangible securities like locks and surveillance. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in identifying and implementing effective security strategies.