What type of control is used to prevent or restrict access to a system?

The correct response focuses on the concept of logical control, which encompasses security mechanisms that are implemented through software and system configurations to regulate access to a system. Logical controls are essentially digital measures, such as firewalls, encryption, access control lists (ACLs), and user authentication systems, that function to authenticate users and manage permissions.

These controls determine who can access a system and what actions they can take, providing an essential level of security against unauthorized access. By verifying user identities and controlling their permissions, logical controls serve as a critical barrier that mitigates risks associated with data breaches and unauthorized system access.

In contrast, physical controls involve tangible measures like locks, security guards, and surveillance cameras that protect physical access to buildings or hardware. Administrative controls refer to policies and procedures designed to govern user behavior and establish security protocols, whereas technical controls utilize technology-based solutions to enforce security measures. Each of these control types plays a role in a comprehensive security framework, but logical controls specifically target the access to systems via digital means.