What term describes the way information is organized into structured specifications?

The correct answer is "data format." This term specifically refers to the structured way information is organized and represented within a system. Data formats define how data is stored, processed, and transmitted, which is crucial for ensuring that different systems can understand and interoperate with the information. Various data formats come with specific rules regarding the arrangement and encoding of data, allowing programs to read and interpret the data correctly.

Understanding data formats is essential in various contexts, such as software development, data analysis, and cybersecurity, as it impacts how information is stored and communicated between systems. This foundational knowledge is critical for ensuring data integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility across various platforms and applications.