What process allows a user to gain root privileges and customize the interface of an Android device?

Rooting is the process that enables users to gain root access to the Android operating system. This elevated privilege allows users to modify system files, install specialized applications that require administrative rights, and customize the overall interface of the device in ways that are not typically possible with standard user permissions.

When a device is rooted, it permits the installation of apps that can tweak various system settings and functionalities, offering greater control over the device. Examples of modifications include removing bloatware, improving battery performance through access to system settings, and applying custom themes for a personalized user interface.

In contrast, other terms like jailbreaking are more commonly associated with iOS devices and do not apply to Android. Unlocking refers to gaining access to carrier features and network settings rather than altering system files or interface. Sideloading involves installing applications from unofficial sources rather than the Google Play Store but does not pertain to gaining root privileges. Therefore, rooting is specifically the process that addresses gaining those administrative rights and customization capabilities on Android devices.