What is the ongoing process that evaluates a system or its users?

The ongoing process that evaluates a system or its users is best described as monitoring control. This involves the continuous observation and assessment of information systems to ensure they are functioning as intended, identifying potential vulnerabilities, and responding appropriately to deviations from established security policies or normal operations. Monitoring controls help organizations maintain a secure environment by tracking activities, measuring performance against security standards, and enabling quick responses to any anomalies.

While change management is focused on the processes and procedures for managing changes within a system to minimize risks, it does not involve ongoing evaluation after changes have been made. Risk assessment involves identifying and analyzing potential risks, but it is not an ongoing process in the same manner as monitoring controls, which are always active and continuously evaluate a system. Incident response deals specifically with reacting to security breaches or incidents rather than the ongoing evaluation of the system or its users.