What does the security principle of "Need to Know" define?

The principle of "Need to Know" is fundamental to information security and is primarily focused on ensuring that individuals have access only to the information necessary to perform their job functions. This principle is designed to minimize the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive data by limiting the exposure of that data to only those who must have it to complete their tasks effectively.

By adhering to the "Need to Know" principle, organizations can strengthen their security posture by implementing access controls that align information exposure directly with job responsibilities. This helps prevent data breaches and insider threats, as individuals are not privy to information that doesn't relate to their role. In this context, the other options do not accurately reflect the essence of the "Need to Know" principle, which is specifically about restricting access based on necessity rather than establishing minimums or maximums for all employees or creating frameworks for data encryption or document classification.