To mitigate risks in a cloud environment, clients should implement what type of controls?

Implementing customer/client-specific controls in a cloud environment is essential for addressing unique requirements related to security and compliance for each client. These controls are tailored specifically to the client's operational processes, data sensitivity, regulatory obligations, and risk appetite. By customizing security measures such as access control policies, encryption methods, and incident response plans, organizations can ensure that they are effectively managing their specific risk landscape in the cloud.

In contrast, inherited controls refer to security measures established by the cloud service provider that apply to the shared infrastructure but may not cover the unique needs of every client. Vendor-managed controls focus on the security controls managed directly by the vendor, which may be adequate for general scenarios but not sufficiently tailored to individual client risks. Shared controls include those that are collaboratively managed between the client and the vendor; while they benefit from collective management, they may not address all specific security requirements the client faces.

Thus, opting for customer/client-specific controls is the most effective approach to address the complexities of security in a cloud environment, ensuring that client-specific vulnerabilities and compliance requirements are adequately managed.